The basic principle of electrostatic speakers is Coulomb's Law. Typically, a plastic diaphragm is treated with a vacuum vapor deposition process using inductive materials such as aluminum. Two diaphragms are placed facing each other. When a high-voltage positive current is applied to one diaphragm, a small current is induced in the other. Through their mutual attraction and repulsion, they push the air to produce sound.
Because electrostatic units are lightweight and have small vibration dispersion, they can easily produce clear and transparent mid-to-high frequencies, but they fall short in low-frequency power. In addition, their efficiency is not high, and using direct current easily attracts dust.
Currently, hybrid electrostatic and dynamic speakers have been successfully developed, solving the problem of insufficient bass in electrostatic speakers. The application of electrostatic technology in headphones is also very extensive.
